In a large pot or Dutch oven, heat the oil over medium-high heat. Add the onions and saute, stirring frequently for about 4-5 minutes or until the onions start to become translucent.
Stir in the carrots and celery and saute stirring frequently for about 3-4 minutes. Stir in the garlic and saute until aromatic, about a minute. Stir in the tomato paste and saute stirring frequently, for about 3 minutes or until the tomato starts to caramelize and gets a deeper red color. If the tomatoes start getting browned too quickly, lower the heat.
Deglaze the pan by pouring the wine (or broth) and scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot with a wooden spoon. Cook until almost all the liquid has evaporated then, add the vegetable stock or broth, the lentils, the nuts, oregano, Italian herbs, bay leaf, salt and pepper. Bring to a boil, reduce the heat to medium-low and simmer, covered for 20-25 minutes or until the lentils are just tender, stirring a couple of times throughout the cooking process. Note: Cooking time varies depending on size and variety of the lentils. Check the package directions to make sure you don’t over-under cook the lentils. Red lentils cook quicker than most other varieties, sometimes in as little as 15 minutes.
Next, uncover the pot and stir in the crushed tomatoes. Bring back to a gentle simmer. Simmer for 10 minutes. Then, check for seasoning. Garnish with fresh herbs (optional).
While the lentils are simmering, in a large pot of generously-salted water, cook the pasta until al dente. Reserve a cup of the pasta cooking water, then drain the pasta.
Serve tossed with cooked al dente pasta.